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--- fw:django [2014/01/14 16:59]
alfred [Url Mapping]
+++ fw:django [2020/05/09 09:25] (actual)
@@ Línea 36: / Línea 36: @@
 ==== Basic knowledge for creating applications ====
-For django an application is like a module, something that have a concrete purpose and performs actions for that. An application can be used in several projects because a project is a group of applications.
+For django an application is like a module, something that has a concrete purpose and performs actions for that. An application can be used in several projects because a project is finally a group of applications.
 <code>
 $ python manage.py startapp polls
@@ Línea 51: / Línea 51: @@
 from polls.models import Poll
 admin.site.register(Poll)
+</code>
+The structure to arrange several applications inside a project is:
+<code>
+<my project>
+-- manage.py
+-- <project name>
+----- urls.py
+----- models.py
+----- views.py
+----- blog\ <- An app
+-------- views.py
+-------- urls.py
+-------- models.py
+----- tasks\ <- Another app
+-------- views.py
+-------- urls.py
+-------- models.py
 </code>
 ==== Shell ====
 Running the command ''$ python manage.py shell'' will open a Python shell to interact with data inside the project.
-==== Configuration ====
+==== Configuration and settings ====
+A settings file is just a Python module with module-level variables. So it can import values from other settings file.
+=== Using settings in Python code ===
+<code>
+from django.conf import settings
+if settings.DEBUG:
+    # Do something
+</code>
+Remember that ''django.conf.settings'' is not a module so ''from django.conf.settings import DEBUG'' will not work.
+=== Superuser creation ===
+<code>
+$ python manage.py createsuperuser --username=joe --email=joe@example.com
+</code>
 ===== Database =====
 ==== Basic ====
@@ Línea 76: / Línea 108: @@
 ===== Administration =====
 ===== Views =====
-==== View code ====
+==== Basic ====
 In ''views.py'' file (application folder) you can add your code for your views. \\
 This is the simplest view possible:
@@ Línea 84: / Línea 117: @@
     return HttpResponse("Hello, world. You're at the poll index.")
 </code>
-==== Url Mapping ====
+To make use of this code it's required to map it to an url in the application and in the project. To map views with url's in the application it's required to create a file ''urls.py'' in the application folder. Its content will be something like that:
-To map views and url's it's needed to create a file ''url.py'' in the application folder. Its content will be something like that:
 <code python>
 from django.conf.urls import patterns, url
@@ Línea 93: / Línea 125: @@
 )
 </code>
-==== Notes ====
+To map views with url's in the project it's required to add an ''include()'' to the ''project/urls.py'' file. Something like that:
+<code python>
+from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
+from django.contrib import admin
+admin.autodiscover()
+urlpatterns = patterns('',
+    url(r'^polls/', include('polls.urls')),
+    url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
+)
+</code>
+==== url() function ====
+The ''url()'' function takes four arguments, two required: regex and view, and two optional: kwargs, and name. The regex is a regular expression to match the url, it does not take GET neither POST arguments. In a request to ''<nowiki>http://www.example.com/myapp/?page=3</nowiki>'', the URLconf will also look for ''myapp/''. \\
+The view argument is the function which Django will call passing an ''HttpRequest'' object as the first argument and, if the regex uses arguments, also are passed. This is an example of this kind of arguments:
+<code python>
+# views.py
+def detail(request, poll_id):
+    return HttpResponse("You're looking at poll %s." % poll_id)
+# urls.py :
+urlpatterns = patterns('',
+    # ex: /polls/
+    url(r'^$', views.index, name='index'),
+    # ex: /polls/5/
+    url(r'^(?P<poll_id>\d+)/$', views.detail, name='detail'),
+)
+</code>
+Calling ''/polls/34/'' will make a call like this one: ''detail(request=<HttpRequest object>, poll_id='34')''. The poll_id='34' part comes from ''(?P<poll_id>\d+)''. ''?P<poll_id>'' defines the name that will be used to identify the matched pattern; and ''\d+'' is a regular expression to match a sequence of digits.
+===== Notes =====
   * To see the sql from an application you'll need to run: ''$ python manage.py sql appname''
+==== Setting another settings file ====
+You should indicate your settings files, probably you'll need an environtment variable, to do easily you could execute manage using it:
+<code>
+$ DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=settings.dev python manage.py runserver -l info
+</code>
+Or adding it before the imports:
+<code python>
+import os
+os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'settings.dev')
+from common.testCase import MongoTestCase
+import engines.css.models as model
+...
+</code>

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